With the development of the civilian drone industry, the phenomenon of "black flying" of drones has become serious, which has brought extremely severe challenges to civil aviation transportation safety and social order. In order to protect the lives and property of civil aviation passengers, ensure the normal operation of civil aviation, and promote the healthy and orderly development of the drone industry, the Civil Aviation Administration of China is actively establishing and improving a legal system and has issued a series of documents to guide relevant departments in carrying out drone prevention work. signal jammer
At the same time, the Civil Aviation Administration of China has begun to actively encourage airports to use modern technological means to further improve the efficiency of airport clearance protection. However, due to the wide variety of drone detection and countermeasures technologies, different performances, single uses, and huge disparities in cost, it is difficult for airport management departments to choose more effective technical equipment to prevent drones from interfering with airport clearance. Currently, airport anti-drone technology has become a global hot spot.
1. Categories of “black flying” drones
A clear understanding of what types of drones an airport can defend against is a prerequisite for airport equipment and use of anti-drone technology. The nature of drone "black flights" is divided into malicious, fluke and unintentional. A malicious "black flight" means using a drone to carry out a terrorist attack on an airport target. A lucky "black flight" means knowing that this place is a no-fly zone, but flying with a lucky mentality that it is not easy to be discovered. An unintentional "black flight" means a lack of laws. and safety awareness, flying without understanding the restrictions of no-fly zones.
2. Differences between military, police and civilian countermeasures technologies
Different drone countermeasures application entities focus on different black flying activities. The application subjects of UAV countermeasures technology are divided into military, police and civilian applications. The purposes, goals and means of different application subjects are different.
Military anti-UAVs are mainly aimed at military warfare and the defense of key military areas. They face all types of black flying targets and focus on malicious attacks, focusing on large-scale military UAVs with strong offensive capabilities.
Since the military mission is important and there is no room for mistakes, it is required that the equipment defense rate should be close to 100%, and UAVs must be targeted accurately. The defense targets are mainly large UAVs with military attack capabilities. Most of the detection methods are radar and photoelectric, which helps in precise strikes. The strike methods are also diverse, and the price factor can be ignored.
Police anti-drone drones are mainly targeted at key areas such as prisons, venues, and important activity sites, and face all types of "black fly" targets. Based on my country's airspace management system, the main body for handling air targets is the Air Force. Therefore, large drone targets, malicious attacks and other behaviors require joint handling by the military and police.
At the same time, based on the specific urban environment, police countermeasures are mainly aimed at light and small UAVs. In addition, since most police prevention tasks are non-normal deployments and the task environment is also complex and changeable, combined with technological development and price factors, it is required that the defense rate should be close to 90%, the technical means should be diversified, and secondary disasters should not occur.
Civilian anti-UAVs take airports as an example. The tasks of preventing UAVs at civil airports are divided into daily prevention and major transportation tasks. Prevention during the guarantee period: Daily prevention should focus on fluke and unintentional "black flights", and the main user is the airport. Prevention during the support period of major missions should focus on all types of "black flights". The main users are airports, public security and other departments. A joint prevention mechanism between the military, police and civilians needs to be established. Police technology can be referred to.
